In a roundabout way, postmaterialists had prompted a right-wing resurgence. As Inglehart ruefully observed in 2017, paraphrasing Marx and Engels, postmaterialism had become “its own grave-digger.” Focused on making society more open, less discriminatory, and free during the 1960s and 1970s, postmaterialists ignored the first levels of Maslow’s pyramid of needs. Taking a baseline of material security for granted, they emphasized the importance of social inclusion and environmental sustainability over rudimentary bread-and-butter concerns.